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 科学与否和正确与否是两回事 |
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科学与否和正确与否是两回事 -- 马悲鸣 - (2086 Byte) 2007-2-16 周五, 上午7:22 (574 reads) |
秃公
加入时间: 2006/09/12
文章: 1667
经验值: 1777
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作者：秃公 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
用点心读读这段KIWI的择录就知道了。跟现知道的细菌抵抗抗生素的异变差不多，也
就是学工程说的反馈原理。只可惜现在的机器人还没成熟到自我修补的地步，要不
然把肉人淘汰掉就不会出现这么多的胡扯八道。
In All Life is Problem Solving, Popper sought to explain the apparent progress of scientific knowledge—how it is that our understanding of the universe seems to improve over time. This problem arises from his position that the truth content of our theories, even the best of them, cannot be verified by scientific testing, but can only be falsified. If so, then how is it that the growth of science appears to result in a growth in knowledge? In Popper's view, the advance of scientific knowledge is an evolutionary process characterised by his formula:
In response to a given problem situation (PS1), a number of competing conjectures, or tentative theories (TT), are systematically subjected to the most rigorous attempts at falsification possible. This process, error elimination (EE), performs a similar function for science that natural selection performs for biological evolution. Theories that better survive the process of refutation are not more true, but rather, more "fit"—in other words, more applicable to the problem situation at hand (PS1). Consequently, just as a species' "biological fit" does not predict continued survival, neither does rigorous testing protect a scientific theory from refutation in the future. Yet, as it appears that the engine of biological evolution has produced, over time, adaptive traits equipped to deal with more and more complex problems of survival, likewise, the evolution of theories through the scientific method may, in Popper's view, reflect a certain type of progress: toward more and more interesting problems (PS2). For Popper, it is in the interplay between the tentative theories (conjectures) and error elimination (refutation) that scientific knowledge advances toward greater and greater problems; in a process very much akin to the interplay between genetic variation and natural selection.
作者：秃公 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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- 讲的好。 -- 淞岛 - (118 Byte) 2007-2-16 周五, 下午5:56 (129 reads)
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