nunia
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加入时间: 2005/11/04
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作者：nunia 在 寒山小径 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
Criticism
Several of Wilson's colleagues at Harvard, such as Richard Lewontin and the lateStephen Jay Gould, were vehemently opposed to his ideas.
Wilson was surprised by the vehemence of the attacks on his theory, much to the astonishment of his critics. He wrote that "the political objections forcefully made by the Sociobiology Study Group of Science for the People in particular took me by surprise." Wilson had not considered his paper relevant to political analysis such as Marxistsoffered. He was annoyed with his critics for "blind-siding" him. He objected that no one had made him aware of their feelings while he was writing his book, even though several of them, Gould and Lewontin included, were well aware of his project. Furthermore, he was angered because he felt that the critics were being hysterical and misrepresenting his position. He rejected the charge that his theory was biologically deterministic, and pointed to several passages in articles he had written which he claimed had already addressed their concerns, for example,
"The moment has come to stress that there is a dangerous trap in sociobiology, one which can be avoided only by constant vigilance. The trap is the naturalistic fallacy of ethics which uncritically concludes that what is, should be. The ‘what is’ in human nature is to a large extent the heritage of a Pleistocene hunter-gatherer existence. When any genetic bias is demonstrated, it cannot be used to justify a continuing practice in present and future societies." (New York Times Magazine)
A result of these controversies was his 1981 work Genes, Mind and Culture: The Coevolutionary Process, coauthored with Charles Lumsden. This very mathematical work was popularized in Promethean fire: reflections on the origin of mind (1983). The paradigm of coevolutionary process takes its place in the history of modern science and anthropology.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Osborne_Wilson
作者：nunia 在 寒山小径 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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